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Introduction to Aluminum

Aluminum is a light metal with a density of 2.7g/cm3 and good electrical and heat conductivity and ductility. As an important metal material, aluminum has a wide range of applications in various fields. It has good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, while light weight, good electrical conductivity and other characteristics, making aluminum alloy become the ideal choice for manufacturing parts. With the progress of science and technology and changes in the market, aluminum has been innovative in material research and development, processing technology, production and transportation. These innovations not only improve the performance and quality of aluminum, but also meet the needs of different fields, providing more possibilities for the wide application of aluminum.

Properties of Aluminum

● Lightweight: Aluminum's low density makes it an ideal material for applications that require lightweight components.
● Strong: Despite its lightweight nature, aluminum is a strong material that can withstand high stresses and strains.
● Versatile: Aluminum can be easily processed into complex shapes and complex designs.
● Corrosion resistance: Aluminum has good corrosion resistance and is suitable for use in outdoor or Marine environments.
● High thermal conductivity: Aluminum's thermal conductivity allows it to be used in heat sinks and other thermal management applications.

Advantages of Aluminum

Easy to process: Aluminum is easy to process, which means it can be used to create complex shapes and complex designs.
High strength-to-weight ratio: Aluminum's strength-to-weight ratio makes it an excellent choice for lightweight applications.
Non-toxic: Aluminum is non-toxic and safe for medical applications.

Disadvantages of Aluminum

Lower hardness levels than some metals: Aluminum has lower hardness levels than some metals, which means it may not be suitable for high wear                                                                           applications.

More expensive than other CNC materials: Aluminum alloys can be more expensive than other CNC machining materials, such as steel or brass.

Aluminum Machining Technology

Aluminum processing technology includes CNC machining, 3D printing, Sheet Metal Fabrication, die casting and other ways, each way has its own unique application scenarios and advantages.

Surface Finishes for Aluminum Parts

Subtitle Description


FinishingDescription

Anodizing

A dense oxide layer with a hardness of 200~300HV is formed on the surface of aluminum, and its wear resistance is excellent. This treatment is generally carried out after sandblasting, drawing and polishing.
Bead BlastThrough this finish, the appearance or shape of the aluminum alloy workpiece surface will change, and a certain degree of cleanliness and different roughness will be obtained. At the same time, one of the characteristics of this treatment method is that the aluminum alloy surface can achieve 100% dull effect and completely eliminate reflection.
Broken/Sharp edge With the Broken/Sharp edge finish, the edges of the aluminum alloy can be strengthened, increasing its durability and resistance to wear. This is particularly important for aluminum alloy products that need to be frequently touched or used, which can effectively extend their service life.
Hard Coating AnodizingThe anodizing of hard coating has good decorative properties. By adjusting the composition and concentration of the electrolyte, as well as controlling the time and temperature of anodizing and other parameters, oxidation films of different colors, luster and texture can be obtained to meet the individual needs of aluminum alloy products.
PassivationAfter Passivation treatment of aluminum alloy surface, its corrosion resistance will be significantly improved. This is because the formed oxide film can effectively resist the erosion of the external corrosive medium, thereby extending the service life of the aluminum alloy.
Electroplating

Including nickel plating, silver plating, gold plating, zinc plating, copper plating, chrome plating, etc., can be covered with a layer of other metals on the surface of aluminum.

Electropolishing

The polishing treatment of aluminum as the anode in the appropriate electrolyte can further improve the finish of the aluminum surface.



Materials
ServiceDescription
Aluminum 6061-T651/T6
Sheet Metal Fabrication
CNC Machining

The T6 state is obtained by heat treatment through two steps of solution and artificial aging, which makes it have high strength and hardness, but relatively low toughness. The T651 state is a heat treatment through two steps of solid solution and natural aging, which not only maintains a high strength and hardness, but also makes its toughness relatively high.

Due to the differences in the physical properties of these two states of aluminum alloy materials, their application fields are also different. Due to its high strength and hardness, 6061 aluminum alloy in the T6 state is commonly used to manufacture parts that need to withstand high impact and vibration, such as automobile wheels. The T651 6061 aluminum alloy, because of its high strength and high toughness, is more suitable for occasions that need to withstand high pressure and impact, such as mold manufacturing.

Aluminum 7075-T651/T6CNC Machining

From the treatment process point of view, 7075-T6 is the aluminum alloy state obtained by solid solution treatment and artificial aging treatment. This treatment can significantly improve the strength and hardness of 7075 alloy, while maintaining good machinability and toughness. The 7075-T651 state is on the basis of the T6 state, the stress relief treatment is carried out, that is, the residual stress after the solution treatment is eliminated and the tensile treatment is carried out.

From the point of view of material characteristics, 7075 aluminum alloy is known for its excellent strength and hardness, and is widely used in the aerospace industry, automobile manufacturing and high-strength structures. The 7075-T651 state may exhibit higher stability and reliability in some applications due to its elimination of residual stress. But it is worth noting that although 7075 alloy corrosion resistance is relatively good, but compared to some other aluminum alloys, such as 6063, its corrosion resistance may be slightly worse.

From the application field, 7075-T6 and 7075-T651 are favored for their high strength and hardness. They are often used in the manufacture of aircraft structural parts, aircraft landing gear, ship structures, high-speed train structures, automobile bodies and wheels, offshore oil well platforms, large molds and so on. The specific choice of which state of aluminum alloy needs to be determined according to the needs of practical applications and working environment.

Aluminum 7075-T7351CNC Machining

In terms of treatment process, 7075-T7351 aluminum alloy needs to go through two main steps of solution treatment and aging treatment to obtain its specific mechanical and chemical properties. This treatment process helps to enhance the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the alloy, while improving its corrosion and oxidation resistance. 

In terms of material properties, 7075-T7351 aluminum alloy is known for its high strength and hardness. Its excellent mechanical properties make it maintain good stability and reliability under high pressure and complex stress environment. In addition, the 7075-T7351 aluminum alloy also has good formability and processability, and it is easy to make parts of various shapes and sizes. It is worth mentioning that the alloy also enhances corrosion fracture resistance through the treatment of the T7351 state, thus improving its service life and safety. 

In terms of application, 7075-T7351 aluminum alloy is widely used in aerospace, military, automotive, machinery, electronics and other fields because of its excellent performance. It can be used to manufacture high-strength structural parts such as aircraft, spacecraft, automobiles, and military equipment, as well as components such as shells and radiators for high-voltage electrical equipment and electronic products. In addition, the 7075-T7351 aluminum alloy can also be used to manufacture large molds and precision mechanical parts to meet a variety of complex and fine processing needs.

Aluminum AlSi10Mg
3D PrintingAluminum AlSi10Mg is a cast aluminum alloy, with good manufacturability, low density, good corrosion resistance and other advantages, so it is widely used in aviation, instrumentation and general machinery

Advantages:

1.Low density, high thermal conductivity: suitable for printing thin-wall and complex geometric designs.

2.High strength and hardness: Due to the addition of elements such as silicon and magnesium in the alloy, its strength and hardness are significantly enhanced.

3.Good dynamic characteristics: the alloy performs well under dynamic loads.

Applications:

1.Aerospace: Used in the manufacture of turbines and other aircraft engine parts, it is widely preferred for its high strength and lightweight characteristics.

2.Automotive industry: Suitable for manufacturing cylinder heads, intake manifolds, pistons and other components of automotive engines to reduce vehicle weight and improve fuel efficiency.

3.Precision instruments: can be used to manufacture fine parts, such as thin walls, fine holes, etc.

Aluminum 5052-H32Sheet Metal FabricationAluminum 5052-H32 is a medium strength Al-Mg alloy aluminum sheet with excellent corrosion resistance, good weldability and formability.

Advantages:

Corrosion resistance: 5052-H32 aluminum has excellent corrosion resistance, which makes it able to maintain long-term stability and reliability in wet or corrosive environments.

Weldability: The alloy aluminum sheet has good weldability, making it easy to weld and join during the manufacturing process.

Forming performance: 5052-H32 aluminum plate has good forming performance, can adapt to a variety of complex forming process, to meet different design requirements.

Medium strength: Although its strength is not as strong as some high-strength aluminum alloys, the moderate strength of 5052-H32 aluminum sheets is sufficient to meet the needs of most conventional applications.

Applications:

5052-H32 aluminum plate is widely used in many fields because of its excellent performance. For example, it can be used to manufacture aircraft fuel tanks, oil pipes and other aviation components, which are particularly suitable for the aviation industry due to its light weight and corrosion resistance. In addition, it is also used to manufacture sheet metal parts for traffic vehicles and ships, as well as various meters, street lamp brackets, rivets, hardware products and electrical housings. In the construction industry, 5052-H32 aluminum is also commonly used to manufacture corrosion-resistant building materials and decorative materials.

Aluminum 2024-T351CNC Machining

Aluminum 2024-T351 is a typical hard aluminum alloy, belonging to the Al-Cu-Mg series.

Advantages:

High strength: Although its strength is slightly lower than 7075 aluminum alloy, it still belongs to the category of high strength in many aluminum alloys.

Good plasticity, fatigue life and fracture toughness: This makes the 2024-T351 aluminum alloy maintain good stability and reliability under complex stress environments.

Good cutting performance: suitable for various cutting operations.

Poor welding and corrosion resistance: usually need to be used in the aluminum-coated state to improve corrosion resistance.

Applications:

Aerospace: 2024-T351 aluminum alloy is mainly used in the skin and engine nacelle of commercial and military aircraft, as well as other aircraft structural parts with high strength requirements. Its high strength and good fatigue life make it an important material in the aerospace industry.

Other industrial fields: also widely used in automotive, machinery, electronics and other industrial fields, manufacturing a variety of high-strength, high-precision parts.


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