The brief classification and application of CNC machine tools

With the development of the manufacturing industry, the development of CNC machine tools has become more and more the mainstay of the machinery manufacturing industry, CNC CNC machining is widely used in automobiles, electrical appliances, medical equipment, furniture, hardware and other industries. In the processing of parts from the blank (profile) to the completion of processing, the most important factors affecting the completion of the product is roughly (machine tools, tools, materials), the following tool as the focus to analyze its factors.

Tools can be roughly divided into: high-speed steel, carbide, cermet, ceramics, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride and so on. Different tools processing different materials, such as high-speed steel tools suitable for processing plastics, aluminum and other soft materials, carbide tools suitable for processing non-ferrous metals (steel, cast iron, copper) and other materials, the back of the tool is not to tell, take high-speed steel tools to tell the processing characteristics, aluminum tools are also a kind of high-speed steel tools, aluminum knives are also a single blade, Two-blade and multi-blade, different processing conditions with different numbers of blades, single-blade cutting tools suitable for thin-walled processing, good shock absorption, row cutting fast, thin-walled parts are characterized by processing knife, knife will lead to broken knives and over-cut parts, so single-blade knife processing greatly prevents the occurrence of such problems. However, the finish of the processing wall of the single-edge knife is not high, so the types of processing parts are thin-wall profiles such as doors and Windows, curtain walls, and the tool is shown as follows:

The two-edge tool is suitable for processing parts that require a certain degree of finish, meet certain cutting requirements, and process parts with relatively small vibration, processing thickness is relatively thin, and processing types have handles, furniture, kitchenware profiles, etc. The cutting tool is shown below:

Multi-edge milling cutter relative to other knives is a row of grooving small, so can not be suitable for heavy cutting, suitable for finishing, multi-edge milling cutter processing out of the finish is very high, after processing can not use other polishing grinding, such tools for processing high-precision parts, such as aerospace, guide rail, equipment accessories, etc., as shown in the following figure:

Through simple analysis, it can be seen that the tool materials have similar properties (such as high hardness, high strength and wear resistance, etc.), but also have their own characteristics, and these differences determine what kind of tool we should choose in the cutting process. In the selection of tool materials, we should consider the workpiece material, processing conditions, workpiece processing quality and other factors, choose the appropriate tool material, so as to be able to complete the processing requirements well.